1. Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: No
2. Is the faulty component part of the mechanism’s body?
Answer: Yes
3. Is the faulty component in the structure of the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
4. Does the fault appear in components that provide rigidity to the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
5. Can the faulty component be removed from the mechanism?
Answer: No
6. Is the fault in load bearing components?
Answer: Yes
7. Do multiple versions of the components exist for the faulty component?
Answer: No
8. Can the mechanism continue to function until the component is replaced?
Answer: Yes
83) Green Anole, Anolis carolinensis
Green Anoles can be found in the Southeastern United States. They can grow up to eight inches and change colors to blend in to their surroundings (Crawford). The Green Anole is able to regenerate its tail if it was cut off or released to escape a predator.
Once the tail is severed a wound epithelium forms over the stump and vessels form to supply the area with blood (Hutchins et al.). Cells from surrounding tissues would dedifferentiate to supply the wound with the needed cells to regenerate the tail. The first thing that would grow is the ependymal from the spinal cord in the mesenchymal tissue (Hutchins et al.). The cells would re-differentiate into vascularized tissue, myofibers, cartilage tube, and surrounding skeletal muscles (Hutchins et al.). As the tail continued to grow by cell differentiation, myosin heavy chain positive skeletal muscle would become more prevalent along the tail helping to strengthen the tail (Hutchins et al.). Once the tail had grown back to its original length the cells would stop differentiating.
Crawford, Chelsea. “Anolis Carolinensis (Green Anole).” ADW: Anolis Carolinensis. Animal Diversity Web, 19 Mar. 2011. Web. 19 Dec. 2014.
http://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Anolis_carolinensis.html
Hutchins, Elizabeth D., Glenn J. Markov, Walter L. Eckalbar, Rajani M. George, Jesse M. King, Minami A. Tokuyama, Lauren A. Geiger, Nataliya Emmert, Michael J. Ammar, April N. Allen, Ashley L. Siniard, Jason J. Corneveaux, Rebecca E. Fisher, Juli Wade, Dale F. DeNardo, J. Alan Rawls, Matthew J. Huentelman, Jeanne Wilson-Rawls, and Kenro Kusumi. “Transcriptomic Analysis of Tail Regeneration in the Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Reveals Activation of Conserved Vertebrate Developmental and Repair Mechanisms.” PLoSONE (2014): n. pag. PLoSONE. Web. 19 Dec. 2014.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0105004
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