Path followed:
1. Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: Yes
2. Is the fault in components that move?
Answer: No
3. Is the fault in the mechanisms controls?
Answer: No
4. Does the faulty component responsible for visual data acquisition?
Answer: Yes
5. Is the faulty component only a part of the optics system?
Answer: Yes
6. Does the faulty component focus the sensory data?
Answer: No
7. Is the faulty component responsible for decoding information?
Answer: Yes
76) Zebrafish, Danio rerio
Zebrafish can be found in the tropical fresh waters of northern India, northern Pakistan, Nepal, and South Asia. They can grow up to 4-5 centimeters in length and get their name from stripes on their body (Hamel & Mercier). Zebrafish can regenerate their photoreceptor cells if they were to get damaged so they can convert the light to the neurons so the brain knows what it is looking at.
After ablation of ultraviolet-sensitive (UV) cone photoreceptors in a specific subtype, or region, there was an increase of retinal neurons proliferating and were undifferentiated. BrdU and NTR-mCherry were seen on tests and are known to only be seen when the cells are proliferating (Fraser et al.). The newly replicated cells begin to differentiate into the UV cone photoreceptors. The cells knew to become UV cone photoreceptors by the expression of the UV opsin transgene (Fraser et al.). If the cones are damaged in a variety of subtypes, or regions, of the retina then the cells will be affected by the neighboring cells to turn into a certain cell due to the specific pattern of the heterotypic cell mosaic (Fraser et al.). This means that they don’t have to turn into UV cone photoreceptors but can depending on what the pattern is depicting.
Hamel, J.-F. & Mercier, A. 2013. Apostichopus japonicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/180424/0
Fraser, Brittany, Michele G. DuVal, Hao Wang, and W. Ted Allison. “Regeneration of Cone Photoreceptors When Cell Ablation Is Primarily Restricted to a Particular Cone Subtype.” PLoSONE (2013): n. pag. PLoSONE. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0055410
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