Path followed:
- Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: Yes
- Is the fault in components that move?
Answer: Yes
- Is the fault in components that make the mechanism move?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component designed to move the mechanism around?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component needed for stability?
Answer: No
- Does the faulty component manipulate smaller objects?
Answer: No
- Does any material need to be removed after regeneration?
Answer: No
55) Zebrafish, Danio rerio
Zebrafish can be found in the tropical fresh waters of northern India, northern Pakistan, Nepal, and South Asia. They can grow up to 4-5 centimeters in length and get their name from stripes on their body (Hamel & Mercier). If their fin was to get injured or cut off they have the ability of regenerating it.
Zebrafish have rays of dermal bone lined with osteoblasts and comprised of fibroblasts, which helps in the fast regrow and recovery. Within hours of the fin being amputated the epidermis covers the wound site and a blastema forms within a day or two. The blastema houses fibroblasts, osteoblasts and dedifferentiated cells. RA, Fgf, and canonical Wnt signaling is used to maintain and proliferate the blastema to allow for further differentiation of cells (Gemberling et al.). The fibroblasts are proliferated to form the structure of tissues in the fin.
Hamel, J.-F. & Mercier, A. 2013. Apostichopus japonicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/180424/0
Gemberling, Matthew, Travis J. Bailey, David R. Hyde, and Kenneth D. Poss. “The Zebrafish as a Model for Complex Tissue Regeneration.” Trends in Genetics 29.11 (2013): 611-20. ScienceDirect. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.