Path followed:
- Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: No
- Is the faulty component part of the mechanism’s body?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component in the structure of the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
- Does the fault appear in components that provide rigidity to the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
- Can the faulty component be removed from the mechanism?
Answer: No
- Is the fault in load bearing components?
Answer: No
- Do multiple versions of the components exist for the faulty component?
Answer: Yes
- Does only one of these components need to be replaced?
Answer: Yes
- Can the mechanism have more than one extra part to replace the faulty mechanism in case of several failures?
Answer: Yes
28) Cichlid, Cichlidae
Cichlids is a family of fish and they have been found in various countries in freshwater, tropical and subtropical regions (Jonna). Cichlids have the ability of regenerating their teeth if they were to get injured.
Cichlid tooth replacement can be separated into three stages: initiation, cellular differentiation, and secretion. Tooth replacement is started when successional lamina (SL) is formed from labial epithelial cells and interacts with the dental epithelium (ÒCichlid Tooth RegenerationÓ). The SL continues to develop and interact with mesenchymal cells, which will differentiate and condense into dental papilla in the cellular differentiation phase (ÒCichlid Tooth RegenerationÓ). Bone starts to form after epithelium invagination starts to form a cap tooth with three layers: inner dental epithelium (IDE), outer dental epithelium (ODE), and intermediate layer (ÒCichlid Tooth RegenerationÓ). The mesenchyme and epithelial cells continue to proliferate and differentiate into enameloid-secreting ameloblasts and denine-secreting odontoblastsare, which help to further form the new teeth (ÒCichlid Tooth RegenerationÓ). These secreting particles create the hard tissue of the teeth. Ameloblasts help initiate the breakdown of the gubernacular cord, which allows the old tooth to get pushed out by enameloid secreting cells (ÒCichlid Tooth RegenerationÓ). As the old tooth is getting pushed out the new tooth is building stronger and replacing it until there is a brand new tooth.
Jonna, R. “Cichlidae (Cichlids).” Animal Diversity Web. Regents of the University of Michigan, 27 Feb. 2004. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cichlidae/#geographic_range
“Cichlid Tooth Regeneration: Pursing Replaceable Tooth for Human.” Developmental Biology Interactive. Developmental Biology Interactive, 2014. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.
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