1. Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: No
2. Is the faulty component part of the mechanism’s body?
Answer: Yes
3. Is the faulty component in the structure of the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
4. Does the fault appear in components that provide rigidity to the mechanism?
Answer: No
5. Is the faulty component responsible for supporting other components?
Answer: Yes
6. Is the fault in critical components of the mechanism?
Answer: No
7. Is the system completely destroyed?
Answer: No
8. Does the healing change the characteristics of the system?
Answer: Yes
123) Black-ball sponge, Ircinia strobilina
Black-ball sponges can be found on reefs near Florida to the Guyana shelf (De Kluijver et al.). These sponges have the ability of regenerating a section of their body if it were to get cut or bit off.
This sponge goes through three phases of regeneration after getting injured in some way. The first phase includes cells closest to the wound proliferating and joining together to form a layer of ectosome tissue (Hoppe). This layer is thin and covers the wound to allow the tissue to completely regenerate. The next phase was to have those cells mature to give off a normal texture and color. Finally the cells would continue to proliferate and create more layers beneath the ectosome tissue (Hoppe). This would allow that area in the sponge to grow back to its normal size. Once the area has been completely regenerated the cells will stop proliferating and disperse away from the previously wounded area.
De Kluijver, M., G. Gijswijt, R. De Leon, and I. Da Cunda. “Black-ball Sponge (Ircinia Strobilina).”Marine Species Identification Portal : Black ball Sponge – Ircinia Strobilina. Key to Nature, 2014. Web. 7 Jan. 2015.
http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=caribbean_diving_guide&id=456
Hoppe, Wilfried F. “Growth, Regeneration and Predation in Three Species of Large Coral Reef Sponges.” Marine Ecology Progress Series 50 (1988): 117-25. Inter-Research Science Center. Web. 8 Jan. 2015.
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