1. Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: Yes
2. Is the fault in components that move?
Answer: No
3. Is the fault in the mechanisms controls?
Answer: Yes
4. Is the fault in the components responsible for sending signals?
Answer: No
5. Does the faulty component control any other functions in the mechanism?
Answer: Yes
121) California sea hare, Aplysia californica
California sea hares can be found on the coast of California and Mexico (Dice). These creatures are soft bodied animals that can get hurt easily. The California sea hare has the ability of neural regeneration if it were to get hurt in some way.
Soon after the spinal cord is crushed or cut certain neurotransmitters help initiate the regeneration. Those neurotransmitters include serotonin, calcitonin, L-glutamatem, and somatostatin (Moffett). These transmitters can create a more suitable environment for the neurons to regenerate or they help stimulate the ganglia regeneration. The ganglia are formed by neurosecretory cells that proliferate and differentiate into the specific structures (Moffett). Nerve growth factor has been found to help initiate nerve growth as well in some snails. It stimulates non-specialized cells to differentiate into the neurites. Next fibronectin is stimulated to proliferate and form the connective tissue sheath of the ganglia (Moffett). Finally laminin, which is an extracellular matrix protein, helps promote the outgrowth of the neurons so they can connect with other neurons and complete the neural regeneration (Moffett).
Dice, Samantha. “Aplysia Californica.” ADW: Aplysia Californica. Animal Diversity Web, 5 Sept. 2014. Web. 7 Jan. 2015.
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Aplysia_californica/
Moffett, Stacia B. “Neural Regeneration in Gastropod Molluscs.” Progress in Neurobiology46 (1995): 289-330. Deepdyve. Web. 7 Jan. 2015.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/neural-regeneration-in-gastropod-molluscs-0xI0Wvdzhh/31
Recent Comments