1. Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: No
2. Is the faulty component part of the mechanism’s body?
Answer: Yes
3. Is the faulty component in the structure of the mechanism?
Answer: No
4. Does the damaged component provide protection?
Answer: Yes
5. Does the component serve any other purpose than protection?
Answer: Yes
6. Are there any external resources that can be used by the mechanism?
Answer: No
7. Does the healing change the characteristics of the system?
Answer: Yes
113) Himalayan Newt, Tylototriton verrucosus
Himalayan newts can be found in China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Thailand (Peter et al.). This newt tends to live in moist forests areas and their skin can get hurt easily. The Himalayan Newt has the ability of regenerating its skin after getting bit or cut.
Tylotoin, a wound-healing-promoting peptide, has been identified in this newt that helps promote the regenerating process (Mu et al.). Once the skin has been injured it stimulates transforming growth factor beta1, interleukin 6, and cells which are essential in regenerating the injured section (Mu et al.). The needed cells migrate to the wound site and proliferate into the various structures that are needed. Keratinocytes proliferate and help regenerate the layer of skin that was damaged. The fibroblasts will then create more layers beneath the outside layer to allow the tissue to get back to its maximum size. Vascular endothelial cells also proliferate to regrow the blood vessels and nerves in the injured section of the skin. Once all of the structures have been regenerated the cells stop migrating and proliferating and disperse away from the previously injured section.
Peter Paul van Dijk, Guinevere Wogan, Michael Wai Neng Lau, Sushil Dutta, Tej Kumar Shrestha, Debjani Roy & Nguyen Quang Truong 2009. Tylototriton verrucosus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Web. 3 Jan. 2014.
http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/59487/0
Mu, L., J. Tang, H. Liu, C. Shen, M. Rong, Z. Zhang, and R. Lai. “A Potential Wound-healing-promoting Peptide from Salamander Skin.” FASEB Journal 28.9 (2014): 3919-929. NCBI. Web. 3 Jan. 2015.
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