Path followed:
- Is the fault in the components that perform any physical action?
Answer: Yes
- Is the fault in components that move?
Answer: Yes
- Is the fault in components that make the mechanism move?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component designed to move the mechanism around?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component needed for stability?
Answer: No
- Does the faulty component manipulate smaller objects?
Answer: Yes
- Is the faulty component rigid?
Answer: No
- Does any material need to be removed after regeneration?
Answer: Yes
103) Brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum
The Brown garden snail can be found all over the world but was native to Italy. This snail is highly regarded as a food delicacy as a source of escargot (Dekle). The Brown garden snail has the capability of regenerating a tentacle if it was to get torn or cut off.
To survive a wound the snail must have good healing and regeneration capabilities. Shortly after it is wounded the snails body secretes a natural regenerative substance they are calling SCA (Cruz et al.). This substance helps cells migrate to the wound and begin the regeneration processes. They activate keratinocytes and fibroblasts to migrate to the wound and start proliferating (Cruz et al.). The keratinocytes help create a new epithelium layer to close the wound and allow the tissue below the epithelium to regenerate. Once the new epithelium is built a blastema will form allowing the amoebocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts to continue to proliferate (Moffett). The fibroblasts then form the tissue that will make the tentacle structurally sound as it is being regenerated. The endothelial cells next begin to proliferate and create nerves and blood vessels in the tentacle as it grows (Moffett). Other cells then begin to make the sensory plate which will form the olfactory epithelium and eye (Moffett). All the while the amoebocytes are destroying all of the dead cells that were left over from the damage. Once the tentacle and all of its structures have been completely regenerated the blastema will disintegrate and the cells will stop proliferating.
Dekle, G. W. “Brown Garden Snail.” Brown Garden Snail – Cornu Asperum (Müller). University of Florida, Oct. 2001. Web. 27 Jan. 2015.
http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/gastro/brown_garden_snail.htm
Cruz, M. C., F. Sanz-Rodriguez, A. Zamarron, E. Reyes, E. Carrasco, S. Gonzalez, and A. Juarranz. “A Secretion of the Mollusc Cryptomphalus Aspersa Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Survival of Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblasts in Vitro.” International Journal of Cosmetic Science 34.2 (2012): 183-89. NCBI. Web. 27 Jan. 2015.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22171745
Moffett, Stacia B. “Neural Regeneration in Gastropod Molluscs.” Progress in Neurobiology46 (1995): 289-330. Deepdyve. Web. 7 Jan. 2015.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/neural-regeneration-in-gastropod-molluscs-0xI0Wvdzhh/11